What tool is essential for navigation in extreme conditions, according to the text?

In extreme conditions, a GPS device is essential for navigation because it offers precise location tracking and navigation capabilities that can be crucial when visibility is low or when traveling in unfamiliar and challenging terrains. Unlike traditional maps, which require interpretation and a clear understanding of geographical features, a GPS device provides real-time positioning, making it easier for operators to find their way, even in whiteout conditions or dense forests.

Furthermore, while smartphone apps can provide navigation support, they often rely on internet connectivity and battery power, which may not be reliable in severe weather conditions. Traditional maps are useful but less convenient than a GPS, which can quickly pinpoint an exact location. Wind direction indicators, on the other hand, help understand environmental conditions but do not provide navigational guidance. Thus, the GPS device stands out as the most effective tool for navigating safely in extreme conditions.